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C and C++

C and C++

C is one of the most fundamental and widely used programming languages, known for its simplicity, efficiency, and versatility. It serves as the foundation for many modern programming languages. C++ is an extension of C that incorporates object-oriented programming (OOP) principles, making it more powerful and flexible for modern software development.


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C and C++

Syllabus

  • History and features of C++
  • Setting up the development environment (IDE, compiler)
  • Basic structure of a C++ program
  • Data types, variables, and constants
  • Input/Output operations (cin, cout)
  • Operators (arithmetic, relational, logical, bitwise)
  • Control structures (if-else, switch, loops)

  • Defining and calling functions
  • Function arguments (pass by value, reference)
  • Function overloading and default arguments
  • Inline functions and recursion
  • Recurssion

  • Classes and objects
  • Access specifiers (public, private, protected)
  • Constructors and destructors
  • Inheritance (single, multiple, hierarchical)
  • Polymorphism (function overriding, virtual functions)
  • Encapsulation and abstraction

  • Pointers and Dynamic Memory

    • Pointers and pointer arithmetic
    • Memory allocation (new, delete)
    • Pointers to objects and functions

  • Constructor Introduction
  • Default and Copy Constructor
  • Destructor
  • Overloading arithmetic and relational operators
  • Overloading insertion (<<) and extraction (>>) operators

  • Base Classes And Derived Classes
  • Protected Members
  • Casting Base- Class Pointers to Derived-
  • Class Pointers Using Member Functions
  • Overriding Base –Class Members in a Derived Class,
  • Public, Protected and Private Inheritance,
  • Using Constructors and Destructors in derived Classes,
  • Implicit Derived – Class Object To Base-
  • Class Object Conversion,
  • Composition Vs. Inheritance.

  • Reading from and writing to files
  • File streams (ifstream, ofstream, fstream)
  • Binary file handling

  • Function templates
  • Class templates
  • Template specialization

  • Introduction to STL
  • Containers (vector, list, deque, stack, queue, map, set)
  • Iterators and algorithms

  • Building small C++ projects (calculator, file manager, simple games)
  • Real-world applications of C++ in system programming, game development, and embedded systems

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